पान:आंग्ल प्रभा.djvu/16

1. Large remissions were made, whenever the seasons were found to be unfavourable. Under the old revenue system cultivated lands alone paid revenue, and in bad years the revenues fell, and remissions had to be coustantly made in the State accounts. The revenue management at the commencement of Bijirao II's rule was conducted on the Kamavishi principle i. e. the Kamavisdar or Mamalatdar and his establishment and contingencies Remissions. The Ramavishi were all paid by the State, the general proportion System. of charges being about 10 per cent. On the collec tion. The number and pay of the Karkoons and the Shibandi i. e. the horsemen and sepoys were carefully fixed in a sort of budget or Beheda statement, and the Kamavisdar had thus little or no motive to practise oppression. The Jamabandi made by him had to be approved by superior officers called Subhas and Sir Subhas, and the complaints of the Jamidars, village authorities, and rayats were listened to and redressed by the removal and punishment of these officers when they misconducted themselves. The Kamavisdar, though appointed for one year, held the office during good behaviour. In the time of the second Bajirao, the Kamavishi system gave place to what was called the Ijara or farming system, the Ijardar undertaking to pay his OWI). establishment and making profit for himself, after paying the State-dues and certain-secret payments to the Peishwahimself, which were not brought to the State account, but were credited in. his Khasgi or private treasure. If we except these Ijara abuses introduced by the last Peishwa, the Kamavishi management was as carefully looked after under Maratha rule, as in the best times of any native or the British rule, before or after. Mr. Grant Duff has admitted that the weak points of the system told more against the interests of the State than on individuals, and that the Maratha country was more thriving than any other part of India in proportion to its fertility. The whole country was divided into about twelve Subhas, each Subha consisting Ijara or farming system. of Parganas or Mamalat divisions, or Taluka divisions as we now call them. These Subhas were (1) Khandesh, 30 Parganas, including Baglan. (2) Nemad Prant, Handa -5, (3) Poona and Nagar-18, (4) Konkan-li, (5) Gangathadi, including the Nasik District-25; (6) Gujarath Prant-*0, (7) Carnatic, (8) Satara with Wai and Karad, (9 & 10) the Customs Subhas, Poona and Junnar, and Kalyan and Bhiwandi, and (11 and l2) the two Armar Revenue Divisions. Subhas, Vijayadurga, and Bassein.