पान:आंग्ल प्रभा.djvu/19

Carnatic, Khandesh, Gujarath and Baglan. On the whole, the Peishwa's Government kept up the reputation of a mild native rule. There was no separate department of Sea Customs, except the revenues assigned to the Subha Armars, under the Peish was, but the Land Customs, levied on the transport of goods, yielded a considerable revenue, and the Customs Subhas, as they were called, of Kalyan and Bhivandi, Poona and Junnar, Jakt, or Irland. were especially prosperous. The Kalyan and Bhivandi Customs. Subhas yielded in Balaji's time a sum of Rs. 55,000, and it developed to, 3,00,000 Rs. towards the close of the century, and the income of the Poona Subha increased from 35,000 Rs. to nearly a lakh. The town duties in Poona itself were farmed and yielded a considerable revenue, chiefly from Octroit on goods imported and exported and on sales of cloth, tobaco, and other necessaries of a town population. Similar duties were levied at Ahmedabad, on the scales originally laid down by the Emperors of Delhi. The revenue management thus reflected no little credit on the ingenuity and skill of the Brahmin ministers and their District and Pargana officers, and little fault can be found as regards the way in which these resources were developed and administered. Customs. The proper administration of civil and criminal Justice may well be regarded as a more decisive test of the efficiency and success of native rule than the collection of the land revenue, the cesses and the customs. Judged by this test, it must be said to the credit of the Brahmin Peish was that, while they did not reconstitute any of the other departments of the State included in the RajMandal, they revived the office of the Nyayadhisha at Poona, and entrusted him with the fullest powers in disposing of civil and criminal cases, which, in the last resort, came up before the Poona Court by Way of appeal, or original trial, or confirmation, from the Subordinate District Officials. This creation of the office of the Nyayadhisha appears to have taken place about the year 1760, and the choice of Rama Shastri for the post was a peculiarly happy one, and brought honour and credit to the Government. The office was continued after Rama Shastri's retirement, and seems to have been filled by equally learned men, the last of whom was Balkrishna Shastri Tokekar, who lived in the reign of Bajirao II. The general Justice. Rauma Shastri. arrangement appears to have been that the Kamavisdar, besides his re venue duties, had both civil and criminal powers attached to his office, and the proceeds of civil and criminal fine, upto a certain amount, in Petty casts of assault, theft, and similar oftences, as also the paymetង